Citation (1)
Capital: Wien
Official Language: German
Location: The Republic of Austria lies in central Europe, bordered by Germany and the Czech Republic (Czechia) to the north, by Slovakia and Hungary to the east, by Italy and Slovenia to the south, and by Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west.
Area: 83,871 sq km (32,383 sq miles)
Current Population: Current Estimate- 8,901,064
Climate: Monthly temperatures range from −3.4°C (26°F) in January to 15.5°C (60°F) in July.
Money: Euro
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The epic and stichic forms of the Gottschee ballad tradition derived from older, medieval styles of song and continued into the 20th century. This tradition was first ‘discovered’ by German scholars who found relics of the Kudrun epic and the old dialect in the texts, and eventually Walter Wiora pointed out its specific musical character. The typical series of descending, closely graduated lines is well illustrated by the ballad Der ausgeweidete Jäger (‘The Disembowelled Huntsman’).
Alpine vocal forms are marked by wide-ranging melodies in natural notes still played on trumpets made of wood, cowhorns, other animal horns and the more recent alphorn. They include the Almschrei (calls for gathering cattle together or summoning people to work). These forms are primarily concerned with acoustic communication: signals between people, between people and animals, or between people and gods.
The Kärntnerlied (‘Carinthian song’), has retained some individuality, particularly through the five-part polyphony with a high upper part performed only by men (Wildsänger), and especially in its further development as the Neues Kärtner Volkslied. Carinthia is notable among the provinces of Austria in that its vocal traditions are stronger than those of instrumental music.
Citation (3)
(2): https://www-europaworld-com.proxy.lib.utk.edu/entry/at.MAP
(3): Federhofer, H., Suppan, W., & Günther, B. (2001). Austria. Grove Music Online. Retrieved 18 Feb. 2021, from https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040022.